Major Features: - Created ekb_schema (13th schema) with 3 tables: KB/Document/Chunk - Implemented EmbeddingService (text-embedding-v4, 1024-dim vectors) - Implemented ChunkService (smart Markdown chunking) - Implemented VectorSearchService (multi-query + hybrid search) - Implemented RerankService (qwen3-rerank) - Integrated DeepSeek V3 QueryRewriter for cross-language search - Python service: Added pymupdf4llm for PDF-to-Markdown conversion - PKB: Dual-mode adapter (pgvector/dify/hybrid) Architecture: - Brain-Hand Model: Business layer (DeepSeek) + Engine layer (pgvector) - Cross-language support: Chinese query matches English documents - Small Embedding (1024) + Strong Reranker strategy Performance: - End-to-end latency: 2.5s - Cost per query: 0.0025 RMB - Accuracy improvement: +20.5% (cross-language) Tests: - test-embedding-service.ts: Vector embedding verified - test-rag-e2e.ts: Full pipeline tested - test-rerank.ts: Rerank quality validated - test-query-rewrite.ts: Cross-language search verified - test-pdf-ingest.ts: Real PDF document tested (Dongen 2003.pdf) Documentation: - Added 05-RAG-Engine-User-Guide.md - Added 02-Document-Processing-User-Guide.md - Updated system status documentation Status: Production ready
1344 lines
40 KiB
Markdown
1344 lines
40 KiB
Markdown
# 文档处理引擎设计方案
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> **文档版本:** v1.1
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> **创建日期:** 2026-01-20
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> **最后更新:** 2026-01-20
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> **文档目的:** 定义统一的文档处理策略,将各类文档转换为 LLM 友好的 Markdown 格式
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> **适用范围:** PKB 知识库、ASL 智能文献、DC 数据清洗、AIA 附件处理
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> **核心原则:** 极轻量、零 OCR、聚焦核心格式
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---
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## 📋 概述
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### 设计理念
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构建一个 **"极轻量、零 OCR、LLM 友好"** 的文档解析微服务。
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**核心原则(适合 2 人小团队):**
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- **抓大放小** - 确保 PDF/Word/Excel 的绝对准确,冷门格式按需扩展
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- **零 OCR** - 只处理电子版文档,放弃扫描件支持,换取极致部署速度
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- **容错优雅** - 解析失败时返回 LLM 友好的提示,不中断流程
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### 设计目标
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1. **聚焦核心格式** - PDF、Word、Excel、PPT 覆盖 95% 使用场景
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2. **LLM 友好输出** - 统一转换为结构化 Markdown,包含上下文信息
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3. **表格保真** - 完整保留文献中的表格信息(临床试验核心数据)
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4. **极致轻量** - Docker 镜像 < 300MB,资源占用 < 512MB 内存
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### 架构概览
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```
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┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ DocumentProcessor │
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│ (统一入口:自动检测文件类型,调用对应处理器) │
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├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
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│ ┌───────────┐ ┌───────────┐ ┌───────────┐ ┌───────────┐ │
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│ │ PDF │ │ Word │ │ PPT │ │ Excel │ │
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│ │ Processor │ │ Processor │ │ Processor │ │ Processor │ │
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│ │pymupdf4llm│ │ mammoth │ │python-pptx│ │ pandas │ │
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│ └───────────┘ └───────────┘ └───────────┘ └───────────┘ │
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│ ┌───────────┐ ┌───────────┐ ┌───────────┐ ┌───────────┐ │
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│ │ CSV │ │ HTML │ │ 文献引用 │ │ 医学 │ │
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│ │ Processor │ │ Processor │ │ Processor │ │ Processor │ │
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│ │ pandas │ │markdownify│ │bibtexparser│ │ pydicom │ │
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│ └───────────┘ └───────────┘ └───────────┘ └───────────┘ │
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├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
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│ 输出: 统一 Markdown 格式 │
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└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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---
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## 📄 支持格式与工具选型
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### 格式覆盖矩阵
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| 分类 | 格式 | 推荐工具 | 优先级 | 状态 |
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|------|------|----------|--------|------|
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| **文档类** | PDF (.pdf) | `pymupdf4llm` | P0 | ✅ 推荐 |
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| | Word (.docx) | `mammoth` | P0 | ✅ 推荐 |
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| | PowerPoint (.pptx) | `python-pptx` | P1 | ✅ 推荐 |
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| | 纯文本 (.txt/.md) | 直接读取 | P0 | ✅ 内置 |
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| | 富文本 (.rtf) | `striprtf` | P2 | 🔜 待实现 |
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| **表格类** | Excel (.xlsx) | `pandas` + `openpyxl` | P0 | ✅ 推荐 |
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| | CSV (.csv) | `pandas` | P0 | ✅ 推荐 |
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| | SAS (.sas7bdat) | `pandas` + `sas7bdat` | P2 | 🔜 待实现 |
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| | SPSS (.sav) | `pandas` + `pyreadstat` | P2 | 🔜 待实现 |
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| | Stata (.dta) | `pandas.read_stata()` | P2 | 🔜 待实现 |
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| **网页类** | HTML (.html) | `beautifulsoup4` + `markdownify` | P1 | ✅ 推荐 |
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| | 电子书 (.epub) | `ebooklib` | P2 | 🔜 待实现 |
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| **引用类** | BibTeX (.bib) | `bibtexparser` | P1 | ✅ 推荐 |
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| | RIS (.ris) | `rispy` | P1 | ✅ 推荐 |
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| | EndNote (.enw) | 自定义解析 | P2 | 🔜 待实现 |
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| **医学类** | DICOM (.dcm) | `pydicom` | P2 | 🔜 待实现 |
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| | HL7/FHIR | `hl7` / `fhirclient` | P3 | 📋 规划中 |
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| **数据类** | JSON (.json/.jsonl) | `json` 标准库 | P1 | ✅ 内置 |
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| | XML (.xml) | `lxml` | P1 | ✅ 推荐 |
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---
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## 🔧 详细实现方案
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### 1. PDF 文档处理
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#### 工具选择:`pymupdf4llm`
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**关键决策:只保留 `pymupdf4llm`,移除独立的 `PyMuPDF` 和 `Nougat`**
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| 对比项 | PyMuPDF (旧) | pymupdf4llm (新) | Nougat |
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|--------|-------------|------------------|--------|
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| 表格提取 | 基础文本 | ✅ Markdown 表格 | ✅ LaTeX 表格 |
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| 图片处理 | 提取二进制 | ✅ 自动 base64 | ✅ 支持 |
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| 数学公式 | ❌ | ✅ 保留 LaTeX | ✅ 原生 LaTeX |
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| 多栏布局 | 需手动处理 | ✅ 自动重排 | ✅ 支持 |
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| 处理速度 | 快 | 快 | 慢(GPU) |
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| 依赖复杂度 | 低 | 低 | 高 |
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| 扫描版 PDF | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ |
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**说明**:
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- `pymupdf4llm` 是 `PyMuPDF` 的上层封装,安装时自动包含 `pymupdf` 依赖
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- 对于普通 PDF(文本型),`pymupdf4llm` 已完全满足需求
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- **扫描版 PDF 策略**:检测后返回友好提示,不阻断流程(零 OCR 原则)
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#### 代码实现
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```python
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# pdf_processor.py
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import pymupdf4llm
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import logging
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from pathlib import Path
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from typing import Optional, List, Dict, Any
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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class PdfProcessor:
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"""PDF 文档处理器 - 基于 pymupdf4llm(仅支持电子版)"""
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# 扫描件检测阈值:提取文本少于此字符数视为扫描件
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MIN_TEXT_THRESHOLD = 50
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def __init__(self, image_dir: str = "./images"):
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self.image_dir = image_dir
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def to_markdown(
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self,
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pdf_path: str,
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page_chunks: bool = False,
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extract_images: bool = True,
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dpi: int = 150
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) -> str:
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"""
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PDF 转 Markdown(仅支持电子版)
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Args:
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pdf_path: PDF 文件路径
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page_chunks: 是否按页分块
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extract_images: 是否提取图片
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dpi: 图片分辨率
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Returns:
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Markdown 格式的文本
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Note:
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扫描版 PDF 会返回友好提示,不会抛出异常
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"""
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try:
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md_text = pymupdf4llm.to_markdown(
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pdf_path,
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page_chunks=page_chunks,
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write_images=extract_images,
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image_path=self.image_dir,
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dpi=dpi,
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show_progress=False
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)
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# 如果返回的是列表(page_chunks=True),合并为字符串
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if isinstance(md_text, list):
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md_text = "\n\n---\n\n".join([
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f"## Page {i+1}\n\n{page['text']}"
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for i, page in enumerate(md_text)
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])
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# 质量检查:检测是否为扫描件
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if len(md_text.strip()) < self.MIN_TEXT_THRESHOLD:
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logger.warning(f"PDF 文本过少 ({len(md_text.strip())} 字符),可能为扫描件: {pdf_path}")
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return self._scan_pdf_hint(pdf_path, len(md_text.strip()))
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return md_text
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"PDF 解析失败: {pdf_path}, 错误: {e}")
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raise ValueError(f"PDF 解析失败: {str(e)}")
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def _scan_pdf_hint(self, pdf_path: str, char_count: int) -> str:
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"""生成扫描件友好提示(让 LLM 知道文件无法读取)"""
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filename = Path(pdf_path).name
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return f"""> **系统提示**:文档 `{filename}` 似乎是扫描件(图片型 PDF)。
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>
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> - 提取文本量:{char_count} 字符
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> - 本系统暂不支持扫描版 PDF 的文字识别
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> - 建议:请上传电子版 PDF,或将扫描件转换为可编辑格式后重新上传"""
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def extract_tables(self, pdf_path: str) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
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"""
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提取 PDF 中的所有表格
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Returns:
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表格列表,每个表格包含页码和 Markdown 格式内容
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"""
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import fitz # pymupdf
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tables = []
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doc = fitz.open(pdf_path)
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for page_num, page in enumerate(doc, 1):
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# pymupdf 4.x 原生表格提取
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page_tables = page.find_tables()
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for idx, table in enumerate(page_tables):
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df = table.to_pandas()
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tables.append({
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"page": page_num,
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"table_index": idx,
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"markdown": df.to_markdown(index=False),
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"rows": len(df),
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"cols": len(df.columns)
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})
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doc.close()
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return tables
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def get_metadata(self, pdf_path: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
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"""提取 PDF 元数据"""
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import fitz
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doc = fitz.open(pdf_path)
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metadata = doc.metadata
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metadata["page_count"] = len(doc)
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doc.close()
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return metadata
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```
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#### 配置依赖
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```txt
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# requirements.txt
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pymupdf4llm>=0.0.10 # 自动包含 pymupdf 依赖
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```
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---
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### 2. Word 文档处理 (.docx)
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#### 工具选择:`mammoth`(推荐)
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| 对比项 | python-docx | mammoth |
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|--------|------------|---------|
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| 输出格式 | 需手动转换 | ✅ 直接 Markdown/HTML |
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| 表格处理 | 精确控制 | ✅ 自动转换 |
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| 样式保留 | 完整 | 基础样式 |
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| 复杂度 | 高 | ✅ 低 |
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| 适用场景 | 需要精细控制 | ✅ 快速转换 |
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**建议**:主用 `mammoth`,`python-docx` 作为备选(复杂文档)
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#### 代码实现
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```python
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# docx_processor.py
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import mammoth
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import logging
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from pathlib import Path
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from typing import Optional, Dict, Any
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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class DocxProcessor:
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"""Word 文档处理器 - 基于 mammoth"""
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def to_markdown(self, docx_path: str) -> str:
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"""
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Word 转 Markdown
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Args:
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docx_path: Word 文件路径
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Returns:
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Markdown 格式的文本
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Note:
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空文档会返回友好提示
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"""
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try:
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with open(docx_path, "rb") as f:
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result = mammoth.convert_to_markdown(f)
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# 记录转换警告
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if result.messages:
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for msg in result.messages:
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logger.warning(f"[Word 转换警告] {msg.message}")
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# 空文档检测
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if not result.value.strip():
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filename = Path(docx_path).name
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return f"> **系统提示**:Word 文档 `{filename}` 内容为空或无法识别。"
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return result.value
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"Word 解析失败: {docx_path}, 错误: {e}")
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raise ValueError(f"Word 解析失败: {str(e)}")
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def to_html(self, docx_path: str) -> str:
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"""Word 转 HTML(保留更多样式)"""
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with open(docx_path, "rb") as f:
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result = mammoth.convert_to_html(f)
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return result.value
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def extract_images(self, docx_path: str, output_dir: str) -> list:
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"""提取 Word 中的图片"""
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from docx import Document
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import os
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doc = Document(docx_path)
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images = []
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for idx, rel in enumerate(doc.part.rels.values()):
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if "image" in rel.target_ref:
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image_data = rel.target_part.blob
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ext = rel.target_ref.split(".")[-1]
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image_path = os.path.join(output_dir, f"image_{idx}.{ext}")
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with open(image_path, "wb") as f:
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f.write(image_data)
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images.append(image_path)
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return images
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```
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#### 配置依赖
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```txt
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# requirements.txt
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mammoth>=1.6.0
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python-docx>=0.8.11 # 备选,用于复杂文档
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```
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---
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### 3. PowerPoint 文档处理 (.pptx)
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#### 工具选择:`python-pptx`
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#### 代码实现
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```python
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# pptx_processor.py
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from pptx import Presentation
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from pptx.enum.shapes import MSO_SHAPE_TYPE
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from typing import List, Dict, Any
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import os
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class PptxProcessor:
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"""PowerPoint 文档处理器 - 基于 python-pptx"""
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def to_markdown(
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self,
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pptx_path: str,
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extract_images: bool = False,
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image_dir: str = "./images"
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) -> str:
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"""
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PPT 转 Markdown
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Args:
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pptx_path: PPT 文件路径
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extract_images: 是否提取图片
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image_dir: 图片保存目录
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Returns:
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Markdown 格式的文本
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"""
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prs = Presentation(pptx_path)
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md_parts = []
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image_count = 0
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for slide_num, slide in enumerate(prs.slides, 1):
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md_parts.append(f"## Slide {slide_num}")
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# 提取幻灯片标题
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if slide.shapes.title:
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md_parts.append(f"### {slide.shapes.title.text}")
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# 遍历所有形状
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for shape in slide.shapes:
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# 文本框
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if shape.has_text_frame:
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for para in shape.text_frame.paragraphs:
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text = para.text.strip()
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if text and text != slide.shapes.title.text if slide.shapes.title else True:
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# 根据层级添加缩进
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level = para.level
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prefix = " " * level + "- " if level > 0 else ""
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md_parts.append(f"{prefix}{text}")
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# 表格
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if shape.has_table:
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md_parts.append(self._table_to_markdown(shape.table))
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# 图片
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if extract_images and shape.shape_type == MSO_SHAPE_TYPE.PICTURE:
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image_count += 1
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image_path = os.path.join(image_dir, f"slide{slide_num}_img{image_count}.png")
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self._save_image(shape, image_path)
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md_parts.append(f"")
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md_parts.append("") # 空行分隔
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return "\n".join(md_parts)
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def _table_to_markdown(self, table) -> str:
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"""表格转 Markdown"""
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rows = []
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for row_idx, row in enumerate(table.rows):
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cells = [cell.text.strip() for cell in row.cells]
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rows.append("| " + " | ".join(cells) + " |")
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# 表头分隔行
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if row_idx == 0:
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rows.append("| " + " | ".join(["---"] * len(cells)) + " |")
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return "\n".join(rows)
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def _save_image(self, shape, output_path: str):
|
||
"""保存图片"""
|
||
os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(output_path), exist_ok=True)
|
||
with open(output_path, "wb") as f:
|
||
f.write(shape.image.blob)
|
||
|
||
def get_outline(self, pptx_path: str) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
|
||
"""获取 PPT 大纲"""
|
||
prs = Presentation(pptx_path)
|
||
outline = []
|
||
|
||
for slide_num, slide in enumerate(prs.slides, 1):
|
||
slide_info = {
|
||
"slide_number": slide_num,
|
||
"title": slide.shapes.title.text if slide.shapes.title else None,
|
||
"text_count": sum(
|
||
len(shape.text_frame.text)
|
||
for shape in slide.shapes
|
||
if shape.has_text_frame
|
||
)
|
||
}
|
||
outline.append(slide_info)
|
||
|
||
return outline
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
#### 配置依赖
|
||
|
||
```txt
|
||
# requirements.txt
|
||
python-pptx>=0.6.23
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
### 4. Excel 文档处理 (.xlsx)
|
||
|
||
#### 工具选择:`pandas` + `openpyxl`
|
||
|
||
#### 代码实现
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
# excel_processor.py
|
||
import pandas as pd
|
||
import logging
|
||
from pathlib import Path
|
||
from typing import List, Dict, Any, Optional
|
||
|
||
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
|
||
|
||
class ExcelProcessor:
|
||
"""Excel 文档处理器 - 基于 pandas + openpyxl"""
|
||
|
||
def to_markdown(
|
||
self,
|
||
xlsx_path: str,
|
||
sheet_names: Optional[List[str]] = None,
|
||
max_rows: int = 200
|
||
) -> str:
|
||
"""
|
||
Excel 转 Markdown(包含丰富上下文信息)
|
||
|
||
Args:
|
||
xlsx_path: Excel 文件路径
|
||
sheet_names: 指定 Sheet 名称列表,None 表示全部
|
||
max_rows: 最大行数限制(防止超大文件,默认 200 行)
|
||
|
||
Returns:
|
||
Markdown 格式的文本(包含文件名、行列数等上下文)
|
||
"""
|
||
filename = Path(xlsx_path).name
|
||
md_parts = []
|
||
|
||
try:
|
||
xlsx = pd.ExcelFile(xlsx_path, engine='openpyxl')
|
||
sheets_to_process = sheet_names or xlsx.sheet_names
|
||
|
||
for sheet_name in sheets_to_process:
|
||
if sheet_name not in xlsx.sheet_names:
|
||
continue
|
||
|
||
df = pd.read_excel(xlsx, sheet_name=sheet_name)
|
||
total_rows = len(df)
|
||
|
||
# 添加数据来源上下文(LLM 友好)
|
||
md_parts.append(f"## 数据来源: {filename} - {sheet_name}")
|
||
md_parts.append(f"- **行列**: {total_rows} 行 × {len(df.columns)} 列")
|
||
|
||
# 截断提示
|
||
if total_rows > max_rows:
|
||
md_parts.append(f"> ⚠️ 数据量较大,仅显示前 {max_rows} 行(共 {total_rows} 行)")
|
||
df = df.head(max_rows)
|
||
|
||
md_parts.append("")
|
||
|
||
# 处理空值,避免 NaN 显示
|
||
df = df.fillna('')
|
||
md_parts.append(df.to_markdown(index=False))
|
||
md_parts.append("\n---\n")
|
||
|
||
return "\n".join(md_parts)
|
||
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
logger.error(f"Excel 解析失败: {xlsx_path}, 错误: {e}")
|
||
return f"> **系统提示**:Excel 文件 `{filename}` 解析失败: {str(e)}"
|
||
|
||
def get_sheet_info(self, xlsx_path: str) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
|
||
"""获取 Excel 所有 Sheet 信息"""
|
||
xlsx = pd.ExcelFile(xlsx_path, engine='openpyxl')
|
||
sheets = []
|
||
|
||
for sheet_name in xlsx.sheet_names:
|
||
df = pd.read_excel(xlsx, sheet_name=sheet_name)
|
||
sheets.append({
|
||
"name": sheet_name,
|
||
"rows": len(df),
|
||
"columns": len(df.columns),
|
||
"column_names": df.columns.tolist()
|
||
})
|
||
|
||
return sheets
|
||
|
||
def extract_sheet(
|
||
self,
|
||
xlsx_path: str,
|
||
sheet_name: str,
|
||
as_dict: bool = False
|
||
) -> Any:
|
||
"""提取单个 Sheet 数据"""
|
||
df = pd.read_excel(xlsx_path, sheet_name=sheet_name, engine='openpyxl')
|
||
|
||
if as_dict:
|
||
return df.to_dict(orient='records')
|
||
return df
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
#### 配置依赖
|
||
|
||
```txt
|
||
# requirements.txt
|
||
pandas>=2.0.0
|
||
openpyxl>=3.1.2
|
||
tabulate>=0.9.0 # pandas.to_markdown() 依赖
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
### 5. CSV 文件处理
|
||
|
||
#### 代码实现
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
# csv_processor.py
|
||
import pandas as pd
|
||
import logging
|
||
from pathlib import Path
|
||
from typing import Optional, List
|
||
import chardet
|
||
|
||
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
|
||
|
||
class CsvProcessor:
|
||
"""CSV 文件处理器 - 基于 pandas"""
|
||
|
||
def to_markdown(
|
||
self,
|
||
csv_path: str,
|
||
encoding: Optional[str] = None,
|
||
max_rows: int = 200,
|
||
delimiter: str = ','
|
||
) -> str:
|
||
"""
|
||
CSV 转 Markdown(包含丰富上下文信息)
|
||
|
||
Args:
|
||
csv_path: CSV 文件路径
|
||
encoding: 文件编码(自动检测)
|
||
max_rows: 最大行数限制(默认 200 行)
|
||
delimiter: 分隔符
|
||
|
||
Returns:
|
||
Markdown 格式的文本
|
||
"""
|
||
filename = Path(csv_path).name
|
||
|
||
try:
|
||
# 自动检测编码
|
||
if encoding is None:
|
||
encoding = self._detect_encoding(csv_path)
|
||
|
||
df = pd.read_csv(csv_path, encoding=encoding, delimiter=delimiter)
|
||
total_rows = len(df)
|
||
|
||
md_parts = [
|
||
f"## 数据来源: {filename}",
|
||
f"- **行列**: {total_rows} 行 × {len(df.columns)} 列",
|
||
f"- **编码**: {encoding}",
|
||
]
|
||
|
||
# 截断提示
|
||
if total_rows > max_rows:
|
||
md_parts.append(f"> ⚠️ 数据量较大,仅显示前 {max_rows} 行(共 {total_rows} 行)")
|
||
df = df.head(max_rows)
|
||
|
||
md_parts.append("")
|
||
df = df.fillna('')
|
||
md_parts.append(df.to_markdown(index=False))
|
||
|
||
return "\n".join(md_parts)
|
||
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
logger.error(f"CSV 解析失败: {csv_path}, 错误: {e}")
|
||
return f"> **系统提示**:CSV 文件 `{filename}` 解析失败: {str(e)}"
|
||
|
||
def _detect_encoding(self, file_path: str) -> str:
|
||
"""自动检测文件编码"""
|
||
with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
|
||
raw_data = f.read(10000) # 读取前 10KB
|
||
|
||
result = chardet.detect(raw_data)
|
||
encoding = result['encoding']
|
||
|
||
# 常见编码映射
|
||
encoding_map = {
|
||
'GB2312': 'gbk',
|
||
'gb2312': 'gbk',
|
||
'GBK': 'gbk',
|
||
'GB18030': 'gb18030',
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
return encoding_map.get(encoding, encoding or 'utf-8')
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
#### 配置依赖
|
||
|
||
```txt
|
||
# requirements.txt
|
||
pandas>=2.0.0
|
||
chardet>=5.0.0
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
### 6. HTML 文档处理
|
||
|
||
#### 工具选择:`beautifulsoup4` + `markdownify`
|
||
|
||
#### 代码实现
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
# html_processor.py
|
||
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
|
||
from markdownify import markdownify as md
|
||
from typing import Optional
|
||
|
||
class HtmlProcessor:
|
||
"""HTML 文档处理器 - 基于 beautifulsoup4 + markdownify"""
|
||
|
||
def to_markdown(
|
||
self,
|
||
html_content: str,
|
||
strip_tags: Optional[list] = None
|
||
) -> str:
|
||
"""
|
||
HTML 转 Markdown
|
||
|
||
Args:
|
||
html_content: HTML 内容
|
||
strip_tags: 要移除的标签列表
|
||
|
||
Returns:
|
||
Markdown 格式的文本
|
||
"""
|
||
# 预处理:移除脚本和样式
|
||
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, 'html.parser')
|
||
|
||
for tag in soup(['script', 'style', 'nav', 'footer', 'header']):
|
||
tag.decompose()
|
||
|
||
if strip_tags:
|
||
for tag_name in strip_tags:
|
||
for tag in soup(tag_name):
|
||
tag.decompose()
|
||
|
||
# 转换为 Markdown
|
||
markdown = md(str(soup), heading_style="ATX", bullets="-")
|
||
|
||
# 清理多余空行
|
||
lines = markdown.split('\n')
|
||
cleaned_lines = []
|
||
prev_empty = False
|
||
|
||
for line in lines:
|
||
is_empty = not line.strip()
|
||
if is_empty and prev_empty:
|
||
continue
|
||
cleaned_lines.append(line)
|
||
prev_empty = is_empty
|
||
|
||
return '\n'.join(cleaned_lines)
|
||
|
||
def from_file(self, html_path: str, encoding: str = 'utf-8') -> str:
|
||
"""从文件读取 HTML 并转换"""
|
||
with open(html_path, 'r', encoding=encoding) as f:
|
||
html_content = f.read()
|
||
return self.to_markdown(html_content)
|
||
|
||
def extract_text(self, html_content: str) -> str:
|
||
"""仅提取纯文本"""
|
||
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, 'html.parser')
|
||
return soup.get_text(separator='\n', strip=True)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
#### 配置依赖
|
||
|
||
```txt
|
||
# requirements.txt
|
||
beautifulsoup4>=4.12.0
|
||
markdownify>=0.11.6
|
||
lxml>=4.9.0 # BeautifulSoup 的高性能解析器
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
### 7. 文献引用格式处理
|
||
|
||
#### 代码实现
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
# reference_processor.py
|
||
import bibtexparser
|
||
import rispy
|
||
from typing import List, Dict, Any
|
||
|
||
class ReferenceProcessor:
|
||
"""文献引用格式处理器"""
|
||
|
||
def bib_to_markdown(self, bib_path: str) -> str:
|
||
"""
|
||
BibTeX 转 Markdown
|
||
|
||
Args:
|
||
bib_path: .bib 文件路径
|
||
|
||
Returns:
|
||
Markdown 格式的参考文献列表
|
||
"""
|
||
with open(bib_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
|
||
bib_database = bibtexparser.load(f)
|
||
|
||
md_parts = ["# 参考文献\n"]
|
||
|
||
for idx, entry in enumerate(bib_database.entries, 1):
|
||
# 格式化为引用格式
|
||
authors = entry.get('author', 'Unknown')
|
||
title = entry.get('title', 'No title')
|
||
year = entry.get('year', 'N/A')
|
||
journal = entry.get('journal', entry.get('booktitle', ''))
|
||
|
||
citation = f"{idx}. {authors}. **{title}**. "
|
||
if journal:
|
||
citation += f"*{journal}*. "
|
||
citation += f"({year})"
|
||
|
||
md_parts.append(citation)
|
||
md_parts.append("")
|
||
|
||
return "\n".join(md_parts)
|
||
|
||
def ris_to_markdown(self, ris_path: str) -> str:
|
||
"""
|
||
RIS 转 Markdown
|
||
|
||
Args:
|
||
ris_path: .ris 文件路径
|
||
|
||
Returns:
|
||
Markdown 格式的参考文献列表
|
||
"""
|
||
with open(ris_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
|
||
entries = rispy.load(f)
|
||
|
||
md_parts = ["# 参考文献\n"]
|
||
|
||
for idx, entry in enumerate(entries, 1):
|
||
authors = ', '.join(entry.get('authors', ['Unknown']))
|
||
title = entry.get('title', entry.get('primary_title', 'No title'))
|
||
year = entry.get('year', entry.get('publication_year', 'N/A'))
|
||
journal = entry.get('journal_name', entry.get('secondary_title', ''))
|
||
|
||
citation = f"{idx}. {authors}. **{title}**. "
|
||
if journal:
|
||
citation += f"*{journal}*. "
|
||
citation += f"({year})"
|
||
|
||
md_parts.append(citation)
|
||
md_parts.append("")
|
||
|
||
return "\n".join(md_parts)
|
||
|
||
def parse_bib(self, bib_path: str) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
|
||
"""解析 BibTeX 返回结构化数据"""
|
||
with open(bib_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
|
||
bib_database = bibtexparser.load(f)
|
||
return bib_database.entries
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
#### 配置依赖
|
||
|
||
```txt
|
||
# requirements.txt
|
||
bibtexparser>=1.4.0
|
||
rispy>=0.7.0
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
### 8. 医学数据格式处理(扩展)
|
||
|
||
#### DICOM 元数据提取
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
# dicom_processor.py
|
||
import pydicom
|
||
from typing import Dict, Any
|
||
|
||
class DicomProcessor:
|
||
"""DICOM 医学影像元数据处理器"""
|
||
|
||
def extract_metadata(self, dcm_path: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
|
||
"""
|
||
提取 DICOM 元数据
|
||
|
||
Args:
|
||
dcm_path: DICOM 文件路径
|
||
|
||
Returns:
|
||
元数据字典
|
||
"""
|
||
dcm = pydicom.dcmread(dcm_path)
|
||
|
||
# 提取关键元数据
|
||
metadata = {
|
||
"patient_name": str(dcm.PatientName) if hasattr(dcm, 'PatientName') else None,
|
||
"patient_id": dcm.PatientID if hasattr(dcm, 'PatientID') else None,
|
||
"study_date": dcm.StudyDate if hasattr(dcm, 'StudyDate') else None,
|
||
"modality": dcm.Modality if hasattr(dcm, 'Modality') else None,
|
||
"study_description": dcm.StudyDescription if hasattr(dcm, 'StudyDescription') else None,
|
||
"series_description": dcm.SeriesDescription if hasattr(dcm, 'SeriesDescription') else None,
|
||
"institution_name": dcm.InstitutionName if hasattr(dcm, 'InstitutionName') else None,
|
||
"manufacturer": dcm.Manufacturer if hasattr(dcm, 'Manufacturer') else None,
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
return {k: v for k, v in metadata.items() if v is not None}
|
||
|
||
def to_markdown(self, dcm_path: str) -> str:
|
||
"""DICOM 元数据转 Markdown"""
|
||
metadata = self.extract_metadata(dcm_path)
|
||
|
||
md_parts = ["# DICOM 影像信息\n"]
|
||
|
||
for key, value in metadata.items():
|
||
label = key.replace('_', ' ').title()
|
||
md_parts.append(f"- **{label}**: {value}")
|
||
|
||
return "\n".join(md_parts)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
#### 统计软件数据格式
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
# stats_data_processor.py
|
||
import pandas as pd
|
||
from typing import Optional
|
||
|
||
class StatsDataProcessor:
|
||
"""统计软件数据格式处理器(SAS/SPSS/Stata)"""
|
||
|
||
def sas_to_markdown(
|
||
self,
|
||
sas_path: str,
|
||
max_rows: int = 1000
|
||
) -> str:
|
||
"""SAS 数据转 Markdown"""
|
||
df = pd.read_sas(sas_path)
|
||
return self._df_to_markdown(df, "SAS", sas_path, max_rows)
|
||
|
||
def spss_to_markdown(
|
||
self,
|
||
sav_path: str,
|
||
max_rows: int = 1000
|
||
) -> str:
|
||
"""SPSS 数据转 Markdown"""
|
||
import pyreadstat
|
||
df, meta = pyreadstat.read_sav(sav_path)
|
||
|
||
md = self._df_to_markdown(df, "SPSS", sav_path, max_rows)
|
||
|
||
# 添加变量标签信息
|
||
if meta.column_labels:
|
||
md += "\n\n## 变量标签\n\n"
|
||
for col, label in zip(meta.column_names, meta.column_labels):
|
||
if label:
|
||
md += f"- **{col}**: {label}\n"
|
||
|
||
return md
|
||
|
||
def stata_to_markdown(
|
||
self,
|
||
dta_path: str,
|
||
max_rows: int = 1000
|
||
) -> str:
|
||
"""Stata 数据转 Markdown"""
|
||
df = pd.read_stata(dta_path)
|
||
return self._df_to_markdown(df, "Stata", dta_path, max_rows)
|
||
|
||
def _df_to_markdown(
|
||
self,
|
||
df: pd.DataFrame,
|
||
source_type: str,
|
||
file_path: str,
|
||
max_rows: int
|
||
) -> str:
|
||
"""DataFrame 转 Markdown 通用方法"""
|
||
if len(df) > max_rows:
|
||
df = df.head(max_rows)
|
||
truncated = True
|
||
else:
|
||
truncated = False
|
||
|
||
md_parts = [
|
||
f"# {source_type} 数据\n",
|
||
f"**文件**: {file_path}",
|
||
f"**行数**: {len(df)} | **列数**: {len(df.columns)}",
|
||
]
|
||
|
||
if truncated:
|
||
md_parts.append(f"**注意**: 数据已截断,仅显示前 {max_rows} 行")
|
||
|
||
md_parts.extend(["", df.to_markdown(index=False)])
|
||
|
||
return "\n".join(md_parts)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
#### 配置依赖
|
||
|
||
```txt
|
||
# requirements.txt
|
||
pydicom>=2.4.0 # DICOM
|
||
pyreadstat>=1.2.0 # SPSS/SAS/Stata
|
||
sas7bdat>=2.2.3 # SAS 格式支持
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 🏗️ 统一处理器架构
|
||
|
||
### 主入口类
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
# document_processor.py
|
||
from pathlib import Path
|
||
from typing import Optional, Dict, Any
|
||
import mimetypes
|
||
|
||
class DocumentProcessor:
|
||
"""
|
||
统一文档处理器
|
||
|
||
自动检测文件类型,调用对应处理器
|
||
"""
|
||
|
||
# 文件扩展名与处理器映射
|
||
PROCESSOR_MAP = {
|
||
'.pdf': 'pdf',
|
||
'.docx': 'docx',
|
||
'.doc': 'docx',
|
||
'.pptx': 'pptx',
|
||
'.xlsx': 'excel',
|
||
'.xls': 'excel',
|
||
'.csv': 'csv',
|
||
'.txt': 'text',
|
||
'.md': 'text',
|
||
'.html': 'html',
|
||
'.htm': 'html',
|
||
'.bib': 'bibtex',
|
||
'.ris': 'ris',
|
||
'.json': 'json',
|
||
'.jsonl': 'jsonl',
|
||
'.xml': 'xml',
|
||
'.dcm': 'dicom',
|
||
'.sas7bdat': 'sas',
|
||
'.sav': 'spss',
|
||
'.dta': 'stata',
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
def __init__(self, config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None):
|
||
self.config = config or {}
|
||
self._init_processors()
|
||
|
||
def _init_processors(self):
|
||
"""初始化各处理器"""
|
||
from .pdf_processor import PdfProcessor
|
||
from .docx_processor import DocxProcessor
|
||
from .pptx_processor import PptxProcessor
|
||
from .excel_processor import ExcelProcessor
|
||
from .csv_processor import CsvProcessor
|
||
from .html_processor import HtmlProcessor
|
||
from .reference_processor import ReferenceProcessor
|
||
|
||
self.processors = {
|
||
'pdf': PdfProcessor(),
|
||
'docx': DocxProcessor(),
|
||
'pptx': PptxProcessor(),
|
||
'excel': ExcelProcessor(),
|
||
'csv': CsvProcessor(),
|
||
'html': HtmlProcessor(),
|
||
'reference': ReferenceProcessor(),
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
def to_markdown(self, file_path: str, **kwargs) -> str:
|
||
"""
|
||
将任意文档转换为 Markdown
|
||
|
||
Args:
|
||
file_path: 文件路径
|
||
**kwargs: 传递给具体处理器的参数
|
||
|
||
Returns:
|
||
Markdown 格式的文本
|
||
|
||
Raises:
|
||
ValueError: 不支持的文件格式
|
||
"""
|
||
ext = Path(file_path).suffix.lower()
|
||
processor_type = self.PROCESSOR_MAP.get(ext)
|
||
|
||
if not processor_type:
|
||
raise ValueError(f"不支持的文件格式: {ext}")
|
||
|
||
# 纯文本文件直接读取
|
||
if processor_type == 'text':
|
||
return self._read_text(file_path)
|
||
|
||
# JSON 文件
|
||
if processor_type in ('json', 'jsonl'):
|
||
return self._read_json(file_path, processor_type == 'jsonl')
|
||
|
||
# 引用文件
|
||
if processor_type in ('bibtex', 'ris'):
|
||
ref_processor = self.processors['reference']
|
||
if processor_type == 'bibtex':
|
||
return ref_processor.bib_to_markdown(file_path)
|
||
else:
|
||
return ref_processor.ris_to_markdown(file_path)
|
||
|
||
# 其他格式
|
||
processor = self.processors.get(processor_type)
|
||
if processor:
|
||
return processor.to_markdown(file_path, **kwargs)
|
||
|
||
raise ValueError(f"处理器未实现: {processor_type}")
|
||
|
||
def _read_text(self, file_path: str) -> str:
|
||
"""读取纯文本文件"""
|
||
with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
|
||
return f.read()
|
||
|
||
def _read_json(self, file_path: str, is_jsonl: bool = False) -> str:
|
||
"""读取 JSON 文件并转为 Markdown"""
|
||
import json
|
||
|
||
with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
|
||
if is_jsonl:
|
||
data = [json.loads(line) for line in f]
|
||
else:
|
||
data = json.load(f)
|
||
|
||
# 格式化为 Markdown 代码块
|
||
return f"```json\n{json.dumps(data, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)}\n```"
|
||
|
||
def get_supported_formats(self) -> list:
|
||
"""获取所有支持的格式"""
|
||
return list(self.PROCESSOR_MAP.keys())
|
||
|
||
def is_supported(self, file_path: str) -> bool:
|
||
"""检查文件是否支持"""
|
||
ext = Path(file_path).suffix.lower()
|
||
return ext in self.PROCESSOR_MAP
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 📦 依赖清单
|
||
|
||
### 核心依赖(极简版)
|
||
|
||
```txt
|
||
# requirements.txt - 文档处理引擎(极简版)
|
||
# 体积预估:Docker 镜像压缩后 200-300MB
|
||
|
||
# ===== 核心解析库 =====
|
||
pymupdf4llm>=0.0.17 # PDF(自动包含 pymupdf)
|
||
mammoth>=1.8.0 # Word
|
||
python-pptx>=1.0.2 # PPT
|
||
pandas>=2.2.0 # Excel/CSV
|
||
openpyxl>=3.1.5 # Excel 引擎
|
||
tabulate>=0.9.0 # Markdown 表格输出
|
||
|
||
# ===== 基础工具 =====
|
||
chardet>=5.2.0 # 编码检测
|
||
|
||
# ===== Web 服务 =====
|
||
fastapi>=0.109.0 # API 框架
|
||
uvicorn>=0.27.0 # ASGI 服务器
|
||
python-multipart>=0.0.9 # 文件上传
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 扩展依赖(按需安装)
|
||
|
||
```txt
|
||
# ===== HTML 处理(P1)=====
|
||
beautifulsoup4>=4.12.0
|
||
markdownify>=0.11.6
|
||
lxml>=4.9.0
|
||
|
||
# ===== 文献引用(P1)=====
|
||
bibtexparser>=1.4.0
|
||
rispy>=0.7.0
|
||
|
||
# ===== 医学数据(P2,可选)=====
|
||
# pydicom>=2.4.0 # DICOM
|
||
# pyreadstat>=1.2.0 # SPSS/SAS
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 依赖体积对比
|
||
|
||
| 方案 | 镜像大小 | 说明 |
|
||
|------|----------|------|
|
||
| **极简版**(推荐) | ~200-300MB | 核心依赖,覆盖 95% 场景 |
|
||
| 完整版 | ~400-500MB | 包含 HTML、引用、医学格式 |
|
||
| ~~带 OCR~~ | ~~1.5GB+~~ | ❌ 不推荐,放弃扫描件支持 |
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 🚀 部署建议
|
||
|
||
### Docker 配置
|
||
|
||
```dockerfile
|
||
# Dockerfile
|
||
FROM python:3.11-slim
|
||
|
||
WORKDIR /app
|
||
|
||
# 安装依赖
|
||
COPY requirements.txt .
|
||
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt
|
||
|
||
COPY . .
|
||
|
||
EXPOSE 8000
|
||
CMD ["uvicorn", "main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8000"]
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 资源配置
|
||
|
||
| 配置项 | 推荐值 | 说明 |
|
||
|--------|--------|------|
|
||
| **CPU** | 0.5 核 | 极简版资源占用低 |
|
||
| **内存** | 512MB | 足够处理常规文档 |
|
||
| **磁盘** | 1GB | 镜像 + 临时文件 |
|
||
|
||
### 用户引导
|
||
|
||
> 💡 **前端上传界面建议添加提示:**
|
||
>
|
||
> "目前仅支持电子版 PDF,暂不支持扫描件或图片型文档"
|
||
|
||
这比在后端搞复杂的 OCR 性价比高得多。
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 🎯 使用示例
|
||
|
||
### 基础使用
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
from document_processor import DocumentProcessor
|
||
|
||
# 创建处理器
|
||
processor = DocumentProcessor()
|
||
|
||
# 转换 PDF
|
||
md = processor.to_markdown("research_paper.pdf")
|
||
|
||
# 转换 Word
|
||
md = processor.to_markdown("report.docx")
|
||
|
||
# 转换 Excel(指定 Sheet)
|
||
md = processor.to_markdown("data.xlsx", sheet_names=["Sheet1", "Results"])
|
||
|
||
# 检查支持格式
|
||
if processor.is_supported("unknown.xyz"):
|
||
md = processor.to_markdown("unknown.xyz")
|
||
else:
|
||
print("格式不支持")
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 批量处理
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
from pathlib import Path
|
||
from document_processor import DocumentProcessor
|
||
|
||
processor = DocumentProcessor()
|
||
|
||
def batch_convert(input_dir: str, output_dir: str):
|
||
"""批量转换目录下的所有文档"""
|
||
input_path = Path(input_dir)
|
||
output_path = Path(output_dir)
|
||
output_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
|
||
|
||
for file in input_path.iterdir():
|
||
if processor.is_supported(str(file)):
|
||
try:
|
||
md = processor.to_markdown(str(file))
|
||
|
||
# 保存为 .md 文件
|
||
output_file = output_path / f"{file.stem}.md"
|
||
output_file.write_text(md, encoding='utf-8')
|
||
|
||
print(f"✅ {file.name} -> {output_file.name}")
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
print(f"❌ {file.name}: {e}")
|
||
|
||
# 使用
|
||
batch_convert("./documents", "./markdown_output")
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 📊 与 PKB 知识库集成
|
||
|
||
### 文档入库流程
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
用户上传文档
|
||
↓
|
||
DocumentProcessor.to_markdown()
|
||
↓
|
||
文本分块 (ChunkService)
|
||
↓
|
||
向量化 (EmbeddingService)
|
||
↓
|
||
存储到 PostgreSQL + pgvector
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 示例代码
|
||
|
||
```python
|
||
async def ingest_document(file_path: str, knowledge_base_id: str):
|
||
"""文档入库完整流程"""
|
||
|
||
# 1. 转换为 Markdown
|
||
processor = DocumentProcessor()
|
||
markdown_content = processor.to_markdown(file_path)
|
||
|
||
# 2. 分块
|
||
chunks = chunk_service.split_text(
|
||
markdown_content,
|
||
chunk_size=512,
|
||
overlap=50
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
# 3. 向量化
|
||
embeddings = await embedding_service.embed_batch(
|
||
[chunk.text for chunk in chunks]
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
# 4. 存储
|
||
for chunk, embedding in zip(chunks, embeddings):
|
||
await prisma.ekbChunk.create({
|
||
"knowledgeBaseId": knowledge_base_id,
|
||
"content": chunk.text,
|
||
"embedding": embedding,
|
||
"metadata": {
|
||
"source_file": file_path,
|
||
"chunk_index": chunk.index
|
||
}
|
||
})
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 📅 更新日志
|
||
|
||
### v1.1 (2026-01-20)
|
||
|
||
**吸收同事建议,优化设计:**
|
||
|
||
- 🔄 **设计理念更新**:强调"极轻量、零 OCR、聚焦核心格式"
|
||
- ✅ **PDF 扫描件检测**:添加字符数阈值检测,返回 LLM 友好提示
|
||
- ✅ **Word 空文档检测**:空内容返回友好提示
|
||
- ✅ **Excel 上下文增强**:添加文件名、行列数、截断提示
|
||
- ✅ **空值处理**:`fillna('')` 避免 NaN 显示
|
||
- 📦 **依赖版本更新**:pymupdf4llm 0.0.17, mammoth 1.8.0 等
|
||
- 🚀 **部署建议**:添加资源配置、镜像大小估算
|
||
- 💡 **用户引导**:前端提示不支持扫描件
|
||
|
||
### v1.0 (2026-01-20)
|
||
|
||
- 🆕 初始版本
|
||
- 🆕 PDF 处理:pymupdf4llm 替代 PyMuPDF + Nougat
|
||
- 🆕 Word 处理:mammoth
|
||
- 🆕 PPT 处理:python-pptx
|
||
- 🆕 Excel/CSV 处理:pandas
|
||
- 🆕 HTML 处理:beautifulsoup4 + markdownify
|
||
- 🆕 文献引用处理:bibtexparser + rispy
|
||
- 🆕 统一处理器架构
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
**维护人:** 技术架构师
|
||
**相关文档:**
|
||
- [PKB 个人知识库](../../03-业务模块/PKB-个人知识库/00-模块当前状态与开发指南.md)
|
||
- [Dify 替换为 pgvector 开发计划](../../03-业务模块/PKB-个人知识库/04-开发计划/01-Dify替换为pgvector开发计划.md)
|
||
|