HaHafeng
e59676342a
Summary: - Add PKB module development record for 2026-01-07 - Create PKB module status document (00-模块当前状态与开发指南.md) - Update system status document to v2.7 Documents added: - docs/03-业务模块/PKB-个人知识库/06-开发记录/2026-01-07_PKB模块前端V3设计实现.md - docs/03-业务模块/PKB-个人知识库/00-模块当前状态与开发指南.md Documents updated: - docs/00-系统总体设计/00-系统当前状态与开发指南.md PKB module progress: 75% complete - Frontend Dashboard: 90% - Frontend Workspace: 85% - 3 work modes implemented - Batch processing API pending debug
314 lines
10 KiB
Python
314 lines
10 KiB
Python
"""
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宽表转长表（Unpivot/Melt）操作
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提供数据重塑功能，将宽格式转换为长格式。
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典型医学场景：
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- 多时间点随访数据（FMA_基线、FMA_2周 → 时间点列 + FMA值列）
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- 多指标合并分析（收缩压、舒张压 → 指标列 + 测量值列）
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- 治疗组对比（治疗组_NRS、对照组_NRS → 组别列 + NRS列）
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"""
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import pandas as pd
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import numpy as np
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from typing import List, Optional, Dict, Any
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import sys
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def apply_unpivot(
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df: pd.DataFrame,
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id_vars: List[str],
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value_vars: List[str],
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var_name: str = '变量',
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value_name: str = '值',
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parse_column_names: bool = False,
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separator: str = '_',
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metric_name: Optional[str] = None,
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time_name: Optional[str] = None,
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dropna: bool = False
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) -> pd.DataFrame:
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"""
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应用宽表转长表转换
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Args:
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df: 输入数据框
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id_vars: ID列（保持不变的列）
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value_vars: 值列（需要转换的列）
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var_name: 变量名列名（存储原列名）
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value_name: 值列名（存储实际值）
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parse_column_names: 是否解析列名（如"FMA_基线"→"FMA"+"基线"）
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separator: 列名分隔符
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metric_name: 指标列名（解析列名时使用）
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time_name: 时间列名（解析列名时使用）
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dropna: 是否删除缺失值行
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Returns:
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转换后的长格式数据框
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Examples:
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>>> # 场景1：多时间点随访数据
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>>> df = pd.DataFrame({
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... '患者ID': ['P001', 'P002'],
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... '性别': ['男', '女'],
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... 'FMA_基线': [32, 28],
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... 'FMA_2周': [45, 38],
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... 'FMA_1月': [52, 44]
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... })
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>>> result = apply_unpivot(
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... df,
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... id_vars=['患者ID', '性别'],
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... value_vars=['FMA_基线', 'FMA_2周', 'FMA_1月'],
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... var_name='时间点',
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... value_name='FMA值'
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... )
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>>> len(result) # 2人 × 3个时间点 = 6行
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6
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>>> result.columns.tolist()
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['患者ID', '性别', '时间点', 'FMA值']
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>>> # 场景2：带列名解析
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>>> result = apply_unpivot(
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... df,
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... id_vars=['患者ID', '性别'],
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... value_vars=['FMA_基线', 'FMA_2周', 'FMA_1月'],
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... parse_column_names=True,
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... separator='_',
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... metric_name='指标',
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... time_name='时间点',
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... value_name='测量值'
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... )
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>>> result.columns.tolist()
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['患者ID', '性别', '指标', '时间点', '测量值']
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>>> result['指标'].unique().tolist()
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['FMA']
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>>> result['时间点'].unique().tolist()
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['基线', '2周', '1月']
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"""
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print("\n" + "="*60, flush=True)
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print("🔄 开始宽表转长表转换...", flush=True)
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print("="*60, flush=True)
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# ==================== 参数验证 ====================
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if df.empty:
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print("⚠️ 输入数据框为空", flush=True)
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return df
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if not id_vars:
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raise ValueError('❌ 至少需要选择1个ID列（标识列）')
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if len(value_vars) < 2:
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raise ValueError('❌ 至少需要选择2个值列（需要转换的列）')
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# 验证列是否存在
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missing_id_cols = [col for col in id_vars if col not in df.columns]
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if missing_id_cols:
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raise KeyError(f"❌ ID列不存在: {', '.join(missing_id_cols)}")
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missing_value_cols = [col for col in value_vars if col not in df.columns]
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if missing_value_cols:
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raise KeyError(f"❌ 值列不存在: {', '.join(missing_value_cols)}")
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# 检查ID列和值列是否有重复
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overlap = set(id_vars) & set(value_vars)
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if overlap:
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raise ValueError(f"❌ ID列和值列不能重复: {', '.join(overlap)}")
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print(f"\n📊 转换前数据概况:", flush=True)
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print(f" - 总行数: {len(df)}", flush=True)
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print(f" - 总列数: {len(df.columns)}", flush=True)
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print(f" - ID列: {len(id_vars)} 个 ({', '.join(id_vars[:3])}{'...' if len(id_vars) > 3 else ''})", flush=True)
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print(f" - 值列: {len(value_vars)} 个 ({', '.join(value_vars[:3])}{'...' if len(value_vars) > 3 else ''})", flush=True)
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# ==================== 基础转换（使用pandas.melt）====================
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try:
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result = pd.melt(
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df,
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id_vars=id_vars,
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value_vars=value_vars,
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var_name=var_name,
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value_name=value_name
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)
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print(f"\n✅ 基础转换完成:", flush=True)
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print(f" - 转换后行数: {len(result)} (原 {len(df)} × {len(value_vars)})", flush=True)
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print(f" - 转换后列数: {len(result.columns)} (ID列 + 变量名列 + 值列)", flush=True)
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"❌ 转换失败: {str(e)}", flush=True)
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raise
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# ==================== 高级功能：解析列名 ====================
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if parse_column_names and separator:
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print(f"\n🔍 开始解析列名（分隔符: '{separator}'）...", flush=True)
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def parse_column_name(name: str):
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"""
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解析列名
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Examples:
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"FMA_基线" → ("FMA", "基线")
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"血压_1月" → ("血压", "1月")
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"NRS_治疗组_2周" → ("NRS", "治疗组_2周")
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"""
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parts = name.split(separator)
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if len(parts) >= 2:
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metric = parts[0]
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time = separator.join(parts[1:])
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return metric, time
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else:
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# 没有分隔符，整个作为指标名，时间点留空
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return name, ''
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try:
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# 应用解析函数
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parsed = result[var_name].apply(parse_column_name)
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# 创建新列
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metric_col = metric_name or '指标'
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time_col = time_name or '时间点'
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result[metric_col] = parsed.str[0]
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result[time_col] = parsed.str[1]
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# 删除原变量名列（已经拆分了）
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result = result.drop(columns=[var_name])
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# 统计解析结果
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unique_metrics = result[metric_col].nunique()
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unique_times = result[time_col].nunique()
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print(f"✅ 列名解析完成:", flush=True)
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print(f" - {metric_col}列: {unique_metrics} 个唯一值", flush=True)
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print(f" - {time_col}列: {unique_times} 个唯一值", flush=True)
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# 显示前3个解析示例
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sample_original = value_vars[:3]
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print(f"\n 解析示例:", flush=True)
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for orig in sample_original:
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metric, time = parse_column_name(orig)
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print(f" - '{orig}' → {metric_col}='{metric}', {time_col}='{time}'", flush=True)
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"⚠️ 列名解析失败: {str(e)}", flush=True)
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print(f" 已保留原变量名列: {var_name}", flush=True)
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# ==================== 删除缺失值行 ====================
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if dropna:
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original_len = len(result)
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result = result.dropna(subset=[value_name])
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dropped = original_len - len(result)
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if dropped > 0:
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print(f"\n🗑️ 删除缺失值行: {dropped} 行 ({dropped/original_len*100:.1f}%)", flush=True)
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# ==================== 排序 ====================
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# 排序：按ID列排序（保持患者分组）
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result = result.sort_values(id_vars).reset_index(drop=True)
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print(f"\n✅ 排序完成: 按 {', '.join(id_vars[:2])}{'...' if len(id_vars) > 2 else ''} 排序", flush=True)
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# ==================== 最终统计 ====================
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print(f"\n{'='*60}", flush=True)
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print(f"✅ 宽表转长表转换完成！", flush=True)
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print(f"{'='*60}", flush=True)
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print(f"📊 最终数据:", flush=True)
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print(f" - 总行数: {len(result)} (扩展了 {len(result)/len(df):.1f}x)", flush=True)
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print(f" - 总列数: {len(result.columns)}", flush=True)
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print(f" - 列名: {', '.join(result.columns.tolist())}", flush=True)
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# 显示前3行示例
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print(f"\n 前3行数据示例:", flush=True)
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for idx, row in result.head(3).iterrows():
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row_str = ' | '.join([f"{col}={row[col]}" for col in result.columns[:4]])
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print(f" [{idx}] {row_str}...", flush=True)
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return result
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def get_unpivot_preview(
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df: pd.DataFrame,
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id_vars: List[str],
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value_vars: List[str],
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var_name: str = '变量',
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value_name: str = '值',
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preview_rows: int = 10
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) -> Dict[str, Any]:
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"""
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获取转换预览信息（不实际执行完整转换）
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Args:
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df: 输入数据框
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id_vars: ID列
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value_vars: 值列
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var_name: 变量名列名
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value_name: 值列名
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preview_rows: 预览行数
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Returns:
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{
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'original_shape': (rows, cols),
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'new_shape': (rows, cols),
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'expansion_factor': 扩展倍数,
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'preview_data': 前N行数据,
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'estimated_change': '将从 100 行 × 15 列 转换为 500 行 × 5 列'
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}
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"""
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original_rows = len(df)
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original_cols = len(df.columns)
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# 预估转换后的形状
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new_rows = original_rows * len(value_vars)
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new_cols = len(id_vars) + 2 # ID列 + 变量名列 + 值列
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expansion_factor = len(value_vars)
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# 生成前几行预览
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preview_df = df.head(min(3, len(df)))
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preview_result = pd.melt(
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preview_df,
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id_vars=id_vars,
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value_vars=value_vars,
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var_name=var_name,
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value_name=value_name
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)
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return {
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'original_shape': (original_rows, original_cols),
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'new_shape': (new_rows, new_cols),
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'expansion_factor': expansion_factor,
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'preview_data': preview_result.head(preview_rows).to_dict('records'),
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'estimated_change': f"将从 {original_rows} 行 × {original_cols} 列 转换为 {new_rows} 行 × {new_cols} 列"
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}
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